What does the "fire tetrahedron" consist of?

The fire tetrahedron is a fundamental model that describes the four essential elements needed for a fire to occur. These components are heat, fuel, oxygen, and a chemical reaction.

Heat is the energy source that raises the material to its ignition temperature. Fuel is any material that can combust, such as wood, paper, or gasoline. Oxygen, typically from the surrounding air, is necessary for the combustion process to sustain fire. Lastly, the chemical reaction is the process of combustion that occurs when heat, fuel, and oxygen interact, creating flames and producing heat and light.

Understanding the fire tetrahedron is crucial for firefighting efforts, as it guides responders in how to extinguish a fire effectively. By removing one of the elements from the tetrahedron, the fire can be suppressed. For instance, applying water removes heat, while smothering a fire can eliminate oxygen. This understanding lays the groundwork for effective firefighting strategy and prevention measures.